A pressure gauge is a widely used instrument in industrial processes and technical measurements. It converts the pressure of the measured medium into a visual reading through a specific mechanism so that the staff can monitor and control the operating status of various systems. The following is a detailed introduction to the working principle of a pressure gauge.
The core component of a pressure gauge is a sensitive element. Common sensitive elements include Bourdon tubes, diaphragm boxes and bellows. The common feature of these elements is that they are elastic and can deform when subjected to pressure. Taking the Bourdon tube as an example, when the pressure of the measured medium enters the spring tube, the free end of the spring tube will be displaced. This displacement is linear and proportional to the pressure.
The deformation of the sensitive element is further processed by a transmission amplification mechanism. The transmission amplification mechanism usually includes a series of gears and levers, which amplify the tiny displacement of the sensitive element and convert it into the rotation of the pointer. In this way, the originally imperceptible deformation becomes an obvious movement of the pointer on the dial.
The indicating mechanism is mainly composed of a pointer and a dial. The scale on the dial is marked with pressure values. When the pointer moves with the rotation of the transmission amplification mechanism, it will point to a certain position on the dial, thereby indicating the pressure value of the measured medium.
In addition, the pressure gauge is usually equipped with an overflow hole as a safety device. In extreme cases, such as the bursting of the Bourdon tube, the internal pressure will be released to the outside through the overflow hole to prevent the glass panel from bursting due to the pressure. In order to ensure the normal performance of the overflow hole, it is usually necessary to leave at least 10mm of space behind the table, and the overflow hole cannot be modified or blocked.
It is worth noting that the reading of the pressure gauge may be affected by many factors, such as temperature, humidity and vibration. Therefore, when using the pressure gauge, it is necessary to consider the impact of these factors on the measurement results, and take corresponding measures to correct and calibrate.
In general, the pressure gauge realizes the conversion of the pressure of the measured medium into a visual reading through the elastic deformation of the sensitive element, the conversion of the transmission amplification mechanism and the display of the indicating mechanism. This working principle makes the pressure gauge play an irreplaceable role in industrial production and technical measurement. At the same time, in order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the pressure gauge, it needs to be calibrated and maintained regularly.
